Glossary · Federal procurement

FAR: Federal Acquisition Regulation.

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The uniform body of policies and procedures governing acquisition of supplies and services by US federal executive agencies, codified at 48 CFR Chapter 1.

The Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) is the primary regulation governing acquisition of supplies and services by all US federal executive agencies. It is codified at Title 48 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Chapter 1, and is issued jointly under the authority of the Department of Defense, the General Services Administration, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The FAR is maintained by the FAR Council and updated through the Federal Acquisition Circular process.

The FAR is organised into eight subchapters and approximately 53 parts. Among the most operationally significant for foreign suppliers are FAR Part 6 (competition requirements), FAR Part 9 (contractor qualifications and responsibility determinations), FAR Part 12 (acquisition of commercial products and commercial services), FAR Part 15 (contracting by negotiation), FAR Part 19 (small business programs), FAR Part 22 (application of labor laws), FAR Part 25 (foreign acquisition, including the Buy American Act and Trade Agreements Act), FAR Part 31 (cost principles), FAR Part 37 (service contracting), and FAR Part 52 (RFP provisions and contract clauses). FAR clauses are incorporated by reference into federal RFPs and contracts and become binding contract terms once awarded.

FAR Part 9 (Contractor Qualifications) is especially material for foreign suppliers. The contracting officer must affirmatively determine that a prospective contractor is responsible before award, applying tests of financial capacity, performance record, integrity, business ethics, and necessary organisation, experience, and operational controls. A foreign supplier without a documented US past performance record, US-market financial controls, and US-legible compliance posture often does not satisfy the responsibility determination at the cut-off date the contracting officer is operating against.

Where this matters.

For internationally-headquartered firms responding to US federal RFPs, the FAR is the governing evaluation frame. The deck, the proposal, the past-performance summary, and the representations and certifications all need to translate into FAR-compliant artefacts before they can be evaluated. Foreign-headquartered firms typically respond through a US subsidiary or a US-incorporated reseller; the FAR clauses flow through the prime contract to the foreign parent through the subcontractor structure. Trade Agreements Act compliance under FAR 25.4 also constrains the eligible country-of-origin set.

The FAR baseline is supplemented by agency-specific overlays, the most consequential being DFARS for defense procurement. Further evaluation: Mittelstand US procurement RFP handbook and the four-filter framework.

Further on the FAR and US procurement.

Pillar

Mittelstand US procurement RFP handbook.

The RFP response system US federal procurement judges on, and what foreign suppliers rebuild before responding.

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Pillar

Four-filter framework.

The evaluation frame US procurement applies to foreign vendors. Category, past performance, peer set, risk answers.

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Pillar

Operator pattern in US entry.

What CEOs of internationally-headquartered firms inherit when they put commercial weight into the US, and the rebuild order.

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Meaning, misuse, and application.

If the market is not responding, the first question is simple: what is the buyer not seeing, trusting, or doing yet?

Action that should happenThe term should help a buyer or specialist understand a real market requirement, not decorate the page.
What may be unclearMisuse happens when the term creates false confidence or hides what the buyer actually needs to decide.
What to inspectCheck how the term changes proof, trust, risk, payment path, contact path, offer language, or handoff.
Next stepAfter the term is clear, go to the related market, answer, or /engagements/ page.

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Building US procurement architecture? Tell us where it stalls.

Describe the federal trajectory, the RFP type, and the commercial gate that is not opening. Response within one business day.

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